NAD+

NAD+

NAD

NAD

Longevity & Cellular Aging

CAS

53-84-9

Molecular Weight

663

Da

Human RCT

Human RCT

A coenzyme central to cellular energy metabolism and DNA repair that declines substantially with age. Research focuses on oral precursors (NR, NMN) that raise circulating NAD+ levels, supported by a growing but still-developing human RCT base. One of the most actively studied compounds in the longevity space.

Oral · Powder · IV

Intranasal Suitable

No

Intranasal Suitable

No

Intranasal Suitable

No

OTC Supplement

Research Quality Score
7 dimensions · 100 points total · Methodology by PeptideClear
69/100
Moderate Evidence
Study Design
20/25
Sample Size
8/20
Replication
15/20
Journal Impact Factor
12/15
Funding Independence
7/10
Population Diversity
3/5
Researcher h-Index
4/5
Dimension Breakdown
Study DesignQuality of research methodology — RCT, observational, animal, or in vitro
20/ 25
Sample SizeNumber of participants across studies supporting this compound
8/ 20
ReplicationIndependent reproduction of findings by separate research groups
15/ 20
Journal Impact FactorPrestige of journals where primary studies were published
12/ 15
Funding IndependenceDegree to which research was funded independently of industry
7/ 10
Population DiversityDiversity of study participants across age, sex, and ethnicity
3/ 5
Researcher h-IndexCitation credibility of the primary research team
4/ 5
Related comparisons:NAD+ vs NMN
Scored by PeptideClear editorial team · Based on publicly available literature
StrongModerateLimitedWeak

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Community Signal

Community Signal

Community signal is large, enthusiastic, and longevity-driven, concentrated in anti-aging and biohacking circles where NAD+ precursors (NMN, NR) are treated as foundational rather than experimental. r/Longevity and r/NMN are primary discussion venues. The most consistently reported subjective effects are steadier daytime energy and reduced afternoon fatigue, with results typically described as gradual over several weeks rather than acute. The community is generally sophisticated about the precursor distinction, most informed users understand they are supplementing NMN or NR to raise NAD+ rather than taking NAD+ directly, and that oral NAD+ itself has poor bioavailability. Brand and purity are recurring themes, with users emphasizing third-party-tested, filler-free products. The most important signal-versus-evidence gap to flag is that subjective energy reports are difficult to separate from placebo without before-and-after NAD+ measurement, and the community itself is increasingly aware that long-term healthspan claims outrun the current human data.

What It Is

What It Is

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide is a coenzyme found in every living cell, essential for converting nutrients into cellular energy and for DNA repair and gene-expression regulation via sirtuins. Levels decline with age, by some estimates substantially over a lifespan. This has driven interest in "NAD+ boosting" through precursor supplementation (nicotinamide riboside, nicotinamide mononucleotide) rather than direct NAD+ administration, since oral NAD+ has poor bioavailability. Unlike most compounds in this catalog, NAD+ is endogenous, produced naturally by the body and central to metabolism rather than a synthetic research peptide.

Mechanism of Action

Mechanism of Action

Oral precursors (NR, NMN) are absorbed and converted into NAD+ through the body's salvage pathway, partly, recent human research suggests, via gut-microbiome conversion into nicotinic acid. Elevated NAD+ supports mitochondrial function, sirtuin activity (linked to longevity signaling), and PARP-mediated DNA repair. A 2026 human study found NMN and NR each roughly doubled circulating NAD+ after two weeks, while plain nicotinamide did not produce the same sustained rise.

Use Cases

Use Cases

Researched, with varying evidence strength, for cellular energy and metabolic health, age-related NAD+ decline, exercise capacity and recovery, and early-stage neuroprotection. Dermatologic and healthy-aging endpoints have been assessed in humans but with limited and mixed results. Most consistent human finding to date is simply that precursors reliably raise circulating NAD+. Downstream clinical benefits remain an active research question.

Known Risks

Known Risks

Generally well-tolerated across human trials lasting up to 26 weeks, with one trial extending to two years and a consistent safety profile throughout. No serious adverse events reported in the reviewed literature at standard doses. Long-term safety data beyond two years is limited. As with all supplements, purity and dosing accuracy vary between brands.

Available Forms

Available Forms

Most human research uses oral nicotinamide riboside (NR) or nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) in capsule or powder form. Direct NAD+ IV infusion is offered in some wellness clinics but has no eligible human outcomes trials supporting it, the oral-precursor research is the evidence base this score reflects.

Regulatory Status

Regulatory Status

NR and NMN are sold as dietary supplements in the US and are not FDA-approved as drugs for any indication. NMN's status as a lawful supplement has faced periodic FDA scrutiny tied to prior pharmaceutical IND filings, creating occasional market uncertainty

Sources

Sources

Similar Compounds

Similar Compounds

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